Ebonics is Not a Seperate Language but Improper Form of English Essay

The United States is filled with many different ethnicities, cultures, customs, languages, etc. Supposedly, our public schools are equipped with classes, teachers, curriculums and materials in order to educate that part of the student population whose first language is something other than the English language. Bilingual classes, transitional classes, ESL classes are just a few of the programs that have been developed to instruct non-English speaking students in order for them to acquire the English language. However, there has been a "language" use among African American students; "language" that has not been examined closely nor acknowledged until recently. Ebonics is classified as "Black English" or "Black sounds", or "Pan African Communication Behavior" or "African Language systems" which originates from the West African languages such as Ibo, Yoruba, and Hausa (Amended Resolution of the Board of Education, 1997. P. 1)." During the times of slavery, ebonics was also spoken as Gullah, which is a combination of West African languages, and English. Ebonics is a term coined by psychologist Robert Williams, resulting from the combination of two words, "ebony" and "phonics" in order to describe its dialect (The Daily O'Collegian Editorial Board. 1997. P. 1). The controversy behind ebonics is whether or not it is actually a language or and should it be instructed as a foreign language. Language is defined as a "system of words formed from such combinations and patterns, used by the people of a particular country or by a group of people with a shared history or set of traditions (Microsoft Bookshelf. 1996-1997 edition)." Ebonics is a form of communication of feelings, thoughts, opinions and ideas at is being used by ou... ...ensnewspapers.com/199//08109//0810.ebonics.htlm Miloy, Courtland. 1997. Nothing Funny About Ebonics. Internet Address: http://www.engnsnurst.org/ebonpro.htlm Oubrï‚ ¾, Alondra. 1997. Internet Address: http://www.aaw.com/toc.htlm Sanchez, Rene. Ebonics: A Way to Close the Learning Gap?; Schools Have Been Experimenting for Years with Using Black English as a 'Bridge" to Better Skills. New York Tines: January 6, 1997. Wasserman, Tracey. 1997. Language Shortcuts Do Not Benefit Students. Internet Address: http://www.magn-ground.com/news/school-papers/laduepanorama.htlm Woodall, Bert. 1997. Training for Failure. Internet Address: http://www.puoncbews.com/issues/759/editorial.com Zeis, Robert. 1997. Ebonics is a silly concept; they ain't got no sense: It's jive. http://www.dany.fastate.edu/voulumes/Spring9//Jan-23//op2.htlm

Hitting and Fighting in Hockey Essay

Many people have been talking about taking hitting and fighting out of hockey in the last few years because of the rise in career ending injuries, but the cause is from the fact that hockey players having been getting faster stronger and more skilled. Although people do get severe injuries and some take it too far it’s the risk that they face every time they step on the ice. Hitting starts at the age of 11 which I think is an appropriate age to start hitting. Taking Hitting and fighting out of hockey would change the game forever. Hitting is one of the main components of the game and makes the game what it is today. A lot of people think that since girl’s hockey has no hitting and fighting we could do the same but I don’t believe girl’s hockey is real hockey because it has no hitting. Contact started out as the defensive player being able to physically separate the player, but hockey got faster and people got stronger so hitting is much more of a threat to other players. Hitting in Minor hockey is also a huge concern but I think it should still start at 11 years old because if you start at around 14 or 15 kids are already a lot bigger and if you start hitting at 11 kids will be prepared and know how to take and receive a hit but if you started at 14 you would have a lot more injuries because no one would know how to take hits.

Slave Narrative Sarah Garner

HIST 1301 April 13, 2013 Summary of Interview with Sarah Garner Mrs. Sarah was a slave in Westmoreland County, and conducted an interview with Archibald Hill. She describes that she did not have an overseer for her labor, in which he expected them to do good work. If they didn’t complete the work, he was at liberty to whip them. She also describes her first time getting whipped as very unpleasant when she didn’t know how to do the labor. Garner was born in Tennessee and her mother, Jula, was born in Virginia. Garner’s husband, Theodore, was born in Blackground, and married him when she was eighteen.Her master bought him and his mother when he was 8 years old. Garner also had two brothers. Next, she describes planting the farm as a child. She’d have to pick it off wit her feet. They had plows so all the work wasn’t done by hand. She explains that she could do as much work as any man could handle. You had to stake the land crossways and plow the open rows. The master had one plow but was having more made at the shops. They made the plows by hand. She was never a house person, which her mother was. She thought of herself as a farmer. She could do any gung; milked cows and hauled flowers.She never had to cook, iron, clean, or wash for the white people. She worked from the day she was born until the day she left. Her mother raised her to be strong. Garner worked outside while her mother stayed inside doing housework. Garner never talked about being able to read and write. Her mother cooked them all meals after the white family ate. At night her mother taught life lessons to all of her siblings. Her father usually worked from early mornings to late at night. On of the main reasons masters didn’t want their slaves to become Christians involved the Bible.This was one reason why most plantation owners did what they could to stop their slaves from learning to read. In the South, black people were not usually allowed to attend chu rch services. Black people in the North were more likely to attend church services. Drums, which were used in traditional religious ceremonies, where banned because overseers worried that they would be used to send messages. Garner raised 12 children. When her son got old enough to care for himself, she moved away. She had three sons. When her son died, she came back here.Her 12 children including her daughters all grew up to go elsewhere. Most of them went North. Some went to Philadelphia, New York or Virginia. Her youngest son died shortly after he was married. She believed that they were in God’s hands, and did what God wanted. They all went their own separate ways when the got old enough. They come back to see family sometimes. Garner becomes excited when asked about life up North, until she sees the labor involved, and she thinks about the work she used to do at home. She lived a healthy life and she enjoys being free.

Economics †Frictional and Structural Unemployment Essay

This assignment mainly compares and contrasts the two broad categories of unemployment which are Structural and Frictional unemployment. The type of unemployment which has a greater impact on economy will also be identified and the reasons for this phenomenon will also be discussed. Frictional Unemployment The short term unemployment in an economy refers to frictional unemployment which is present due to normal market adjustments. The factors contributing to the hindrances of employment in frictional unemployment are business adjustments, imperfections of market information that are imperfect or the individual’s preferences for employment are much higher than available. Those people are frictionally unemployed who do not have jobs in the market with wages of current market level; these jobs are within reasonable reach and are suited to their skills (Gilpatrick, 1966). However, this type of unemployment is not long-term. Frictional unemployment can be removed without any increase in aggregate demand and in a short period of time. There are jobs available for those who are unemployed, under this type of unemployment, but the workers are not aware of other opportunities, they require time to readjust to business changes or they choose to wait for other job opportunities. The assumptions of frictional unemployment are that labor productivity, state of technology and the skills of labor force remain constant in the short term (Gilpatrick, 1966). Structural Unemployment Structural unemployment occurs because of the structural changes in the economy or the business processes of the related businesses. This type of unemployment is encountered in the long run and sometimes could arise without any changes in the demand. The composition of final demand, technological advancements and shifts in the locations of industries are the main structural shifts that affect the labor and skill requirement. If the labor force is capable of adapting to the new environment, there will be no problems. Those who are not able to adapt, they get unemployed because either their skills are no longer required in the industry or their skills are non-transferable to other occupations (Gilpatrick, 1966). The basic changes responsible for structural unemployment are in final demand of product mix and in technology. However, when there is exhaustion of resources locally, the industries can move out to other geographical regions which cause structural unemployment. When there is a change in technology, no increase in skills of the labor will provide employment for those who were displaced. Those who do not have the skills required to get employed are said to be structurally unemployed (Gilpatrick, 1966). Differences between the Two Types of Unemployment The key difference in the two type of unemployment is that in the structural unemployment, the unemployment is caused by the mismatch of specific labor skills supply and demand, whereas in frictional unemployment, there is no such mismatch. Another key difference is that the structural unemployment is long term whereas the frictional unemployment takes only a short period to get eliminated, given other things constant. Impact on Economy Structural unemployment has a higher impact on the economy as this type of unemployment can trigger a higher level of inflation when the demand of the products gets higher. The structural unemployment can get the industries disappear from the economy which are no longer require or if the labor does not have the skills required. This is a long term unemployment which also increases the impact as the unemployed labor does not contribute to the economy. Frictional unemployment on the other hand is a short term phenomenon which is eliminated in a short period of time. This is not as bad for the economy as the skills required in the industry are present with the workers and they will find their desired work shortly. References Gilpatrick, E. (1966). ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT: A VIEW OF THE STRUCTURAL-INADEQUATE DEMAND DEBATE. Industrial & Labor Relations Review, 19(2), 201-212. Retrieved from Business Source Complete database.

Team Building Exercise - Team Building Resolution Defined Research Paper

Team Building Exercise - Team Building Resolution Defined - Research Paper Example This paper thus aims to discuss various exercises of team building for resolving conflicts. Team Building Exercise for Conflict Resolution As also mentioned earlier, conflicts can be possessed optimistically as well. However, there can even be situations when conflicts take the negative form and these situations generally arise when the members of the team begin to develop feelings of being defeated and experience a workforce scenario of disbelieve and mistrust. Before finding solution to problem, it is essential to diagnose the problem with regard to the reason of its occurrence. Thus, reasons of conflict are required to be identified preliminarily. Reasons for Conflict in Teams One of the most common reasons of conflict is mismanagement of the procedures of administration. Lacking of strong base knowledge among the members will ignite the problem of co-ordination and thus conflict will arise. Overrunning of costs also becomes a factor of conflict when the members show reluctance in generating additional funding before the occurrence of these overruns. Project schedules often creates the conflict as not all the team members show co-operative moves for accomplishing a task within set deadlines. Erroneous realization of responsibilities also creates the conflicts which happen when team members become unaware of their assigned areas of work. It is within the hands of the team members to evade conflicts’ occurrences. If the members stay aware of the possible reasons of conflict, they can generate required steps for making certain effective planning and this can be an effective move towards good planning for exercising team building (The Team Building Directory, 2011). Roles to Be Played By the Team Leader The team leader plays an extremely important role in enhancing the spirits of working in a team among the members. The first movement that the team leader can initiate is that of making the members spend lots of time collectively in works they perform. Alt hough interaction among the members is not constantly possible, the team leader should strive for creating situation where they can interact. Team leader should organize periodic sessions of refreshment for making greater cohesion among the team members. Inclusion of group session for training, presentation session on inspiring areas and organization of socials would provide scope for joint session among the team members. The team leader should try out innovative ways of keeping the team energized by incorporating brand new ideas and information. Energizing the team would stimulate the members to co-ordinate with each other (Priscoli, 2003). Conduction of Team Building Exercise The â€Å"group stage formation theory† by Tuckman provided five stages essential for conducting team building approach among team members. The stages include forming, storming, norming, performing and transforming. In the forming stage, the team decides on the particular member whom to follow througho ut the accomplishment process of any task. Storming stage reflects the generation of negative performance among the team members and this is the decider stage for the leaders because in this stage the members develop critical

The Iconography of Buddha Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Iconography of Buddha - Essay Example Art has been seen as a connecting factor to people sharing the same belief. The Buddhist with their representation of their god sees it an as a unifying factor. Â  The current art vocabularies are trying to adhere to the tradition vocabularies that did not allow for diversity. The vocabularies are trying to define the technical requirements within the art word. The modern art vocabularies are having a problem of getting the right words to describe these art technical terms. Â  Buddha has seen an unlighted being among the Buddhist. In the early years of development of the Buddhist religion, it did divide into different denominations. The different denominations came up with a different representation of Buddha. The imagery representation of Buddha is a man. The man poses some characteristics like having his legs resembling an antelope’s leg. The hands and the legs of the Buddha are webbed, while the hands are touching the knees. The face of the Buddha is represented by a youthful stature. Having a youthful face is to symbolize the ordinary process of the Buddha. The pictorial representation of Buddha was changing with the legs and foots growing long with time. This attribute has stopped changing in the recent times with them remaining the same in pictures. Â  The Bodhisattvas are enlightened beings representation. They have some observable difference with the Buddha-like having some objects carried in their hands. They have a resemblance to the superhuman by having multiple legs and hands, unlike the Buddha that has only a pair of legs and hands. One of the Bodhisattvas made in India was the Kannon which can be depicted as a woman in Japan. Â  Canons are the different laid out rules of art.

Critique of Quantitative Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Critique of Quantitative Research - Essay Example However, the authors of this article have not given a statistic of what others have done on the same study. It is however important to note that the investigators have provided sense in their research since the organization of the research study is such that there is a research question, followed by how the study was conducted and the results. The investigators have also reinforced sense in their study by using scientific method relate variables to the outcome. The investigators in this research article have clearly stated that there are problem of fall prevention among elderly adults in nursing home settings. However, the investigators have not given a comprehensive statistics to validate the existence of the problem. For instance, when the investigators states that 1.6 million residents fall each year, it is important to state how many of these are elderly (Gray-Miceli et al, 2010). It is also important to note that the authors have not clearly stated the limitations of the current fall prevention strategies for elderly residents. Researchers would have given statistics to show insufficiency of the current based practices, for example statistics showing increasing falls in order to reinforce problem statement and clearly show that current best practices for fall prevention are not effective. Research questions for this have not been clearly stated by the investigators. Research question is important since it outlines what the researcher wants to find answers to. The investigators have merely stated the purpose and outlined the problem but have not clearly stated research question. However, the researchers have listed a number of variables but have failed to relate the variables to research question. Nevertheless, the study in this article is very important since it provides a turning point nursing practice especially in caring for the elderly adults. This is because the findings in this study are important in improving evidence